Intrinsic Properties Rutherford's experiment
Constituents of Nucleus and Their Intrinsic Properties Rutherford's experiinent on the scattérii falpha particles by métallic foils wàs aimed at estimating the distance of closest approach of an alpha particle nearest to the inner core of the atom, i.e. the atomic nucleus: It.was possible to estimate the. size of an atomic nucleus from the Coulomb repulsive force between an alpha particle of positive charge approačhing the atomic core of positive charge when these' are separated by the shortest distance.
It was conclusivèly proved that the central core of an atom consists of a nucleirs which is approximately spherical in shape with rádiuš varying between To 12 and 10 1 cm having a net positive charge. Prior to the discovery of neutron, proton-electron hypothesis was proposed on the basis of which the atohmic nucleus was considered to be composed of protons and electrons. was assumed that electrons and protòns were present within the nưcleus XA which will have A protons and Z electrons pre-existing within the nucleus.
It çould, account for mass and charge of the nucleus and explain B emission by nuelel but could not explain other properties: The electron-proton hypothesis of nuclear structure was rejected because it was contradictory to the experimentally observed nuclear properties. It was after the discovery of neutron by Chadwick as a párticlé with mass of about 1.67 × 1027 kg nd equal to that of a proton but without any charge.
0 comments: